The required Freedom and Democracy in Afghanistan

Introduction In the recent years, President George Bush of America once had a freedom agenda for the non-democratic nations. The President’s vow was to stand on the same ground with non-democratic countries like Afghanistan, Iraq, Ukraine, Syria, and Pakistan in search of freedom and democracy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The required Freedom and Democracy in Afghanistan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nonetheless, it is true that social equality and free will emanates in a number of ways. In this perspective, Afghanistan as a nation ought to get support in order to relish equal experiences enjoyed by democratic states. This paper therefore takes a look at the democracy and freedom required in Afghanistan. Besides, it highlights personal outlook on whether the merited democracy is appropriate for the Afghan government. Main Body The Islamic republic of Afghanistan has continually experienced repeated violence and hatred over the past decades. However, there is still hope of peace and benedictions of freedom and democracy in the country. In the same way the American President gave hope to the countries similar to Afghanistan. In fact, there are several aspects of freedom that could make any country to enjoy its democracy. Initially, Afghanistan deserves the rights to ballot, freedom of elections, sovereignty of assembly and communication, as well as admittance to the rule of law and fairness. Moreover, the country deserves imprisonment, custodial, and death penalty reforms, equal rights for women, and civilians’ fortification (Barry and Greene 5). The republic deserves liberty of religious conviction, human rights watch, marginalized and children’s rights, along with protection from conflict. All these aspects freedom encourages democracy and enable Afghanistan to enjoy the experiences being enjoyed by the democratic federations. The government of Afghanistan deserv es to promote and encourage the minorities’ rights as provided for in the constitution. The freedom encourages democracy and maintains the universal human rights requirements. Correspondingly, the government should safeguard the infants from armed skirmishes. Through the support from non-governmental organizations, Afghanistan has to initiate programs to protect and promote the rights of toddlers besides addressing the ferocity against ladies. The government deserves to deliver elementary healthcare and heavily spend on the kids’ education through the funding from ARTF (Afghan Reconstruction Trust Fund). The self-rule is in consequence appropriate for ensuring that the country has brighter democracy that could last for generations to come in the future (Barry and Greene 25).Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Afghanistan on the other hand deserves freedom of religious conv iction. In monitoring the religious faith, Afghanistan must closely engage the intercontinental associates. The democracy increases once every administration stands by the accountability of commitment and respects both international and national bodies in reverence to the liberty of worship (Barfield 21). As preserved in the Afghan constitution, the government ought to subsidize its democratic policies. The suitable democracy afterwards stimulates the religious understanding and tolerance in facing radicalization of the Islamic and Christian compatibility. Recently, thousands of deaths were reported in Afghanistan. As a result, there is need for protection of civilians by the national security. A good numbers of sufferers that arise from assassinations by the radical and fierce factions (Al-Qaeda) are females and the infants. The government should welcome the ISAF (International Security Assistance Force) by taking the strict steps in safeguarding the lives of inhabitants. The civil ian protection against conflict is an appropriate measure as the Afghan government finds it substantial when installing operative security. The operative security safeguards the indigenous populace. Defense encourages the changeover progression that transpires when Afghan National Security Forces instigate the leading role in national security concerns (Bastian and Luckman 34). The constitution of Afghanistan provides for equal rights to both women and men. However, a lot has to be done to ensure these rights are brought into being. The government should put more energy to advance the superior admittance of women into the primary needs.  The rising involvement of women in partisan and public life as well as monetary groups must be encouraged (Larson 51). The equity is suitable since it caters for the women commitments besides upholding their societal position hence development. In order to push for further democracy, it is wise to improve the political activities, projects, and lo bbying in sanctioning women to improve their livelihoods. Likewise, engaging women in political programs help in improving their talents and knowledge thereby becoming the democratic Afghan leaders in the future. In order for Afghanistan to acquire compliance and filled expressions of human rights in the global criteria, the government should perform interior custodial reforms.  The state must endorse improvements and authorize foreign bodies to look after the prisoners. Essentially, welcoming the United States intensive care packages and applied trainings is significant.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The required Freedom and Democracy in Afghanistan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The reforms raise the spirit and compliance of human rights with the universal standards owing to the technical apparatus that moderates the threat of exploitation. These programs encompass custody officers’ drilling, rest riction training, and training on the mechanism of human rights grievances aligned with supervision of jail. Reform is suitable for Afghanistan institution since it minimizes over-dependency and mistrust of guilt declaration during trials. Similarly, the forces in Afghanistan ought to initiate the models of handling maltreatment of inmates (Larson 56). The influential and lawful reform provisions carries on with investment in training of human rights of detainees in order to encourage open democracy. According to Barry and Greene assertions, Afghanistan as a non-democratic nation deserves to fully abolish the capital punishment such as death sentence (p.26). Indeed, the Afghan administration has to re-familiarize itself with a freeze in the nations bid of culminating death penalty. For hope of freedom in Afghanistan, the government must overthrow the philosophy of death penalty. It is clear that America government that supports the Afghan democracy is at all costs opposed to the dea th punishment. The social equality is suitable given that every individual is entitled to the right of living (Bastian and Luckman 44). The democratic space in Afghanistan deserves access to the rule of law and justice. The Afghan government should work comprehensively to develop the system of justice through improving the capability of putting the inhabitants who are liable for grave offences on trial. The tasks of observing the office of the Afghan Attorney while prosecuting and investigating the offences encompass the task force build on the capacity of Criminal Justice. A proper democratic nation requires training and engagement of all the fresh police forces to the human rights watch. In Afghanistan, the United States tries to upkeep the Policing Mission in order to reinforce the capacity of the Inspector General (Barfield 25). The sovereignty helps to preclude, inspect, and impeach unlawful activities inside the Afghan national police and the Interior ministry. Access to justi ce and the rule of law is appropriate for the Afghan government in the wake of embracing democracy. The liberty of rule of law and justice helps in maintenance and strengthening of governance while developing access to democracy.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, democracy transpires due to the availability of trained legal experts who can take care of the unlawful processes, legal principles, unbiased hearings, and legitimate assistance during trials. In general, the democracy ensures law application to help in unprejudiced governance and combat of corruption (Barfield 31). The freedom of assembly and expression is an important democratic aspect in whichever nation. The Afghan journalists and media houses presently face excessive constraints and threats. Therefore, the legislature and constitution are duty-bound to protect the doctrines of free media and speech. The ministry of Culture and Information must issue fresh media bills and engage the human rights and civil societies. The autonomy tends to prompt the anxiety regarding the influence of providing liberty of association and expression. It is advisable for Afghanistan adopt the norm of freedom of expression and assembly in order to embrace democracy. Consultation with the in dependent organizations when drafting the media bill reduces the chances of compromise of freedom of expression and assembly by the government. Right to speech is thus appropriate for Afghanistan since it helps the republic in controlling the social order through overcoming communication encounters. Further, democracy inspires the growth of responsible and open Afghan organizations (Bastian and Luckman 49). The admin of Afghanistan deserves to develop responsible, open, and resilient organizations such as the parliament so as to promote good governance.   The obligation of the Afghan government on electoral reforms would enable clear, comprehensive, and trustworthy elections in the near future. In regards to the components of the constitution, the anti-corruption pronouncement is appropriate to ensure freedom of elections in Afghanistan. In fact, the sincerity and magnitude of democratic restructuring in the Afghan regime should be encouraged amongst the civil societies and politi cal parties by the legislative body. Albeit the passage may seem challenging, the draft legislation on the electoral reforms deserves to be verified and approved by the legislature (Larson 27). Conversely, the Afghan IEC (Independent Election Commission) ought to fulfill the promises on the planned elections to augment democracy. Elections would enable the minority, women, and the other Afghan marginalized groups to fully take part in the electoral process. With the aid of states such as the US and UK, Afghanistan should enjoy democracy akin to any other democratic nation. The support ensures backup and distribution of the ballot through the gender unit of IEC. Hence, improved superiority of Afghan IEC feminine staff and marginalized factions amplifies through the upgraded voter edification. For that reason, freedom of election suitable given that the funds for Afghan Fair and Free Elections foundation ensures the progress and involvement of parties and voters in electoral processes (Larson 36). Conclusion The sequence of democracy and freedom in Afghanistan necessitates intensified struggle with hopelessness. The philosophy of hatred must be dealt with promptly for Afghanistan to enjoy and disperse the faith of embracing democracy. For several decades, Afghanistan has thrived to embrace freedom and democracy but to no avail. In recent times, the institutionalization of the President’s Freedom Agenda has acted as guiding principle to the Afghan’s future democracy. The categorized practices and strategies are suitable for national promotion of freedom and democracy. However, a number of challenges may face both Afghanistan and its aiders in ensuring democracy and freedom. Works Cited Barfield, Thomas. Afghanistan: A Cultural and Political History, Princeton, NJ and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2010. Print. Barry, Charles and S. Greene. What Democracy for Afghanistan? An Analysis Utilizing Established Norms and Five Non-Western Cases, Washin gton, D.C.: National Defense University, 2009. Print. Bastian, Sunil and R. Luckman. Can Democracy be Designed? The Politics of Institutional Choice in Conflict-torn Societies, London and New York: Zed Books, 2003. Print. Larson, Anna. Deconstructing Democracy in Afghanistan, York University, Afghanistan: Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit, 2011. Print. This essay on The required Freedom and Democracy in Afghanistan was written and submitted by user Haleigh Mendoza to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Zebra Facts

Zebra Facts Zebras (Equus spp), with their familiar horse-like physique and their distinct black and white striping pattern, are among the most recognizable of all mammals. They are native to both the plains and mountains of Africa; mountain zebras climb over 6,000 feet high. Fast Facts: Zebras Scientific Name: Equus quagga or E. burchellii; E. zebra, E. grevyiCommon Names: Plains or Burchells Zebra; Mountain Zebra; Grevys ZebraBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: Grevys and plains, 8.9 feet; mountain, 7.7 feet  Ã‚  Weight: Plains and Grevys zebra, about 850–880 pounds; mountain zebra, 620 poundsLifespan: 10–11 yearsDiet:  HerbivorePopulation: Plains: 150,000–250,000; Grevys: 2,680; mountain: 35,000Habitat: Once widespread in Africa, now in separate populationsConservation Status: Endangered (Grevys zebra), Vulnerable (mountain zebra), Near Threatened (plains zebra) Description Zebras are members of the genus Equus, which also includes asses and horses. There are three species of zebra: Plains or Burchells zebra (Equus quagga or E. burchellii), Grevys zebra (Equus grevyi), and mountain zebra (Equus zebra). Anatomical differences between the zebra species are fairly sparse: In general, the mountain zebra is smaller and has evolutionary differences associated with living in the mountains. Mountain zebras have hard, pointed hooves that are well-suited for negotiating the slopes and they have conspicuous dewlaps- a loose fold of skin underneath the chin seen often in cattle- which the plains and Grevys zebras do not. Various species of asses, including the African wild ass (Equus asinus), have some stripes (for instance, Equus asinus has stripes on the lower portion of its legs). Zebras are nonetheless the most distinctively striped of the equids. Westend61/Getty Images Species Each species of zebra has a unique stripe pattern on its coat which provides researchers with an easy method for identifying individuals. Grevys zebras have a thick black hairy strip on their rump that extends towards their tail and a broader neck than the other species of zebras and a white belly. Plains zebras often have shadow stripes (stripes of a lighter color that occur between the darker stripes). Like Grevys zebras, some plains zebras have a white belly. Zebras can cross breed with other members of equus: A plains zebra crossed with a donkey is known as a zebdonk, zonkey, zebrass, and zorse. The plains or Burchells zebra has several subspecies: Grants zebra (Equus quagga boehmi) and Chapmans zebra (Equus quagga antiquorum). And the now-extinct quagga, once thought to be a separate species, is now considered a subspecies of the plains zebra (Equus quagga quagga). Habitat and Distribution Most zebra species live in arid and semi-arid plains and savannas of Africa: Plains and Grevys zebras have different regions but overlap during migrations. Mountain zebras, however, live in the rugged mountains of South Africa and Namibia.  Mountain zebras are skilled climbers, inhabiting mountain slopes up to elevations of 6,500 feet above sea level. All zebras are extremely mobile, and individuals have been recorded to move distances of greater than 50 miles.  Plains zebras make the longest known terrestrial wildlife migration, a whopping 300 miles between the Chobe River floodplains in Namibia and the Nxai Pan National Park in Botswana. Diet and Behavior Regardless of their habitats, zebras are all grazers, bulk, roughage feeders that need to consume large daily quantities of grasses. They are also all full migrant species, migrating seasonally or year-round depending on seasonal vegetation changes and habitat. They often follow long grasses that grow after the rains, altering their migration patterns to avoid adverse conditions or find new resources. Mountain and plains zebras live in family groups or harems, typically consisting of one stallion, several mares, and their juvenile offspring. Non-breeding groups of bachelors and occasional fillies also exist. During parts of the year, the harems and bachelor groups join together and move as herds, the timing and direction of which are determined by seasonal vegetation changes in habitat.   Breeding males will defend their resource territories (water and food) that range between one and 7.5 square miles; the home range size of non-territorial zebras can be as large as 3,800 square miles. Male plains zebras ward off predators by kicking or biting them and have been known to kill hyenas with a single kick. Robert Muckley / Getty Images Reproduction and Offspring Female zebras sexually mature at the age of three and give birth to between two and six offspring over their lifetimes. Gestation periods are between 12 and 13 months, depending on species, and the average female gives birth about once every two years. Male fertility is far more variable.   Reproductive pairing is played out differently for different species. While plains and mountain zebras practice the harem strategy described above, Grevys zebra females do not join males in harems. Instead, they form loose and transitory associations with many other females and males, and females of different reproductive states group themselves into sets that use different habitats. Males do not ally with the females; they simply establish territories around water.   Despite their stable long-term harem structure, plains zebras often coalesce into herds, forming multi-male or uni-male groups, providing polygamous opportunities for males and polyandrous opportunities for females.  Ã‚   Diana Robinson Photography/Getty Images   Conservation Status The Grevys zebra is listed by the IUCN as Endangered; the mountain zebra as Vulnerable; and the plains zebra as Near Threatened.  Zebras once roamed all habitats in Africa, with the exceptions of rain forests, deserts, and dunes. Threats for all of them include habitat loss resulting from drought associated with climate change and farming, continuing political upheaval, and hunting. Sources About zebras. Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History, 2018.Gosling, L.M., et al. Equus zebra. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species e.T7960A45171906, 2019.Hoekstra, Jon. Big Discoveries Still Happen – Zebras Make Africa’s Longest-Known Terrestrial Wildlife Migration. World Wildlife Fund, May 27, 2014.King, S.R.B. and P.D. Moehlman. Equus quagga. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species e.T41013A45172424, 2016.Rubenstein, D. et al. Equus grevyi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species e.T7950A89624491, 2016  Walker, Martha. Equus zebra: mountain zebra. Animal Diversity Web, 2005.

Volkswagen and Mercedes Benz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Volkswagen and Mercedes Benz - Essay Example For the third quarter the company posted net profit of â‚ ¬7.146 billion which is three times higher than the profit figure in the same quarter of the last year. The astounding company results are attributed to its investment in new products, manufacturing operations in the emerging markets like China. The company plans to invest heavily in developing markets simultaneously consolidating its position in developed regions such as Europe and Americas. (IHS global 2011) The following table represents year wise consolidated income statement of the company. Figures in Millions of Euros Items Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2010 Total Revenues 108,897.0 113,808.0 105,187.0 126,875.0 Cost of Goods Sold 83,593.0 87,862.0 81,899.0 94,050.0 Gross Profit 16,399.0 16,250.0 12,733.0 20,742.0 Operating Expenses, Total 10,142.0 11,431.0 12,648.0 13,868.0 Operating Income 6,257.0 4,819.0 85.0 6,874.0 Net Interest Expense 413.0 344.0 -781.0 -626.0 EBT, Excluding Unusual Items 7,665. 0 6,688.0 863.0 7,956.0 Income Tax Expense 2,421.0 1,920.0 349.0 1,767.0 Net Income 4,120.0 4,753.0 960.0 6,835.0 Source: http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=VOW:GR Balance Sheet of Volkswagen Figures in Millions of Euros Assets Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2010 Total Cash And Short Term Investments 15,638.0 11,394.0 21,890.0 22,794.0 Total Receivables 8,902.0 11,372.0 10,871.0 12,811.0 Total Current Assets 68,516.0 76,163.0 77,776.0 85,936.0 Plant And Equipment 25,689.0 30,030.0 31,745.0 34,550.0 Total Assets 145,357.0 167,919.0 177,178.0 199,393.0 Figures in Millions of Euros Liabilities Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2010 Accounts Payable 8,202.0 9,085.0 9,734.0 11,628.0 Other Current Liabilities, Total 14,620.0 15,330.0 14,911.0 17,043.0 Total Current Liabilities 56,068.0 64,802.0 69,534.0 76,899.0 Long-Term Debt 3,645.0 2,240.0 9,272.0 8,989.0 Pension & Other Post-Retirement Benefits 12,481.0 12,82 9.0 13,793.0 15,265.0 Deferred Tax Liability Non-Current 2,637.0 3,654.0 2,224.0 1,669.0 Other Non-Current Liabilities 12,775.0 15,863.0 17,061.0 19,522.0 Total Liabilities 113,419.0 130,531.0 139,748.0 150,681.0 Total Common Equity 31,875.0 35,011.0 35,281.0 45,978.0 Total Liabilities & Equity 145,357.0 167,919.0 177,178.0 199,393.0 Source: http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=VOW:GR&dataset=balanceSheet&period=A¤cy=native Cash Flow Statement (Figures in Millions of Euros) Details Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2010 Net Income 4,120.0 4,753.0 960.0 6,835.0 Depreciation & Amortization, Total 6,427.0 6,738.0 4,900.0 5,058.0 Cash From Operations 15,662.0 2,702.0 12,741.0 11,455.0 Cash From Investing -15,812.0 -11,183.0 -9,675.0 -11,048.0 Total Debt Issued 9,609.0 17,477.0 16,998.0 7,910.0 Total Debt Repaid -8,524.0 -8,485.0 -10,225.0 -12,069.0 Total Dividend Paid -497.0 -720.0 -779.0 -755.0 Cash From Financing 787.0 8 ,123.0 5,536.0 -852.0 Net Change in Cash 547.0 -471.0 8,792.0 -8.0 Source: http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=VOW:GR&dataset=cashFlow&period=A¤cy=native Financial Analysis It will be interesting to analyze the company’s financials from stakeholder’s point of view as the company’s progress in last few years has been exemplary and how the stakeholders can see the Key